Which of the following is a physical characteristic that can affect a property's value?

The correct choice, which identifies a physical characteristic that can affect a property's value, is the street pattern. The street pattern refers to the layout and design of streets within a neighborhood, including aspects such as the configuration (grid, cul-de-sac, etc.), connectivity, and the relationship to other amenities and services. These features can significantly influence a buyer's perception of the neighborhood, the accessibility of properties, and overall desirability, which are crucial factors in determining property value.

In contrast, tax rates typically relate to financial considerations rather than physical characteristics of a property. Crime statistics and local school performance are also external factors that can impact a buyer’s decision but do not stem from the physical attributes of the property itself. Thus, the street pattern stands out as a direct physical characteristic that plays a vital role in influencing property value.